Science is the beating heart of progress, yet its critical role often gets drowned out by the clamor of political theater. With a national election looming in the United States, the Aspen Institute Science & Society Program contacted some of the most lauded scientists in this country—including Nobel laureates and holders of the National Medal of Science—and asked them to share their recommendations on how the next President should bolster American science and draw on scientific insights to help address the nation’s most pressing problems.